PREVALENCE OF IMBALANCE AND INCO-ORDINATION IN BELOW KNEE AMPUTEES

Abstract:

balance and coordination due to the loss of the foot and ankle complex, which are critical for proprioception and postural control. These impairments contribute to decreased mobility, increased fall risk, and reduced quality of life. Despite prosthetic interventions, functional limitations persist, necessitating a focused study on the prevalence and impact of these issues. Materials and method: A cross-sectional observational survey was conducted over six months at the Orthopaedic Department of Krishna College of Physiotherapy, Karad. A total of 80 participants aged 18–60 years with unilateral below-knee amputation were selected using simple random sampling. Outcome measures included a self-made questionnaire and clinical balance and coordination assessments: Single-leg stance test, Tandem stance test, Target tapping test, and Step-touch coordination test. Data were statistically analyzed to determine prevalence rates and assess correlations with daily functioning. Result: The study revealed a 95% prevalence of imbalance and a 56.25% prevalence of incoordination among BKA patients. Balance deficits were particularly evident in static and dynamic postures, while coordination issues were noted in tasks requiring bilateral limb synchronization and complex movement transitions. Many participants reported difficulties with daily activities and relied on assistive devices, with psychological factors such as fear of falling contributing to functional limitations. Conclusion: This study concludes that: Imbalance is an almost universal challenge among below-knee amputees, with a prevalence rate of 95%. Incoordination affects a significant portion of the population, with 56.25% of participants showing signs of impaired motor coordination. These findings highlight that individuals with below-knee amputations are at a high risk of functional limitations that can adversely affect their mobility, independence, and quality of life. The results strongly support the incorporation of targeted balance and coordination training in the rehabilitation process for this group. Such measures not only improve postural stability and movement control but also reduce the likelihood of falls and enhance overall confidence in performing activities of daily living.